Robotic surgery represents the latest advancement in minimally invasive surgery, utilizing small incisions for procedures that once required large abdominal or thoracic openings. This technique offers the same long-term outcomes with better short-term benefits, such as reduced blood loss, less pain, and quicker discharges. The precision of robotic surgery provides three-dimensional vision and enhanced ergonomics for surgeons, allowing for operations in complex anatomical regions. For patients, robotic surgery improves outcomes in specific cancers, such as better sphincter preservation in rectal cancer, more thorough dissection in esophageal cancer, and more accurate resections and nodal clearance in lung cancer.