At the 9th International Neonatology Conference, Dr Omayma Hemida, consultant neonatologist, Scottish Neonatal Network, discusses neonatal lung diseases, new developments with lung ultrasound technologies, and how to perform lung ultrasound. According to Dr Hemida, a paradigm shift is needed in which neonatologists must accept a fundamentally different way of thinking. There is a need to develop engaging strategies to facilitate such a practice transition.