Jaime Landman, MD, Director of Minimally Invasive Urology at Columbia Medical Center, describes the emerging techniques in “endo-urology.”

References and Resources
Andonian S, Okeke Z, Smith AD. Digital ureteroscopy: the next step.J Endourol. 2008 Apr;22(4):603-6.

Fuchs GJ. Milestones in endoscope design for minimally invasive urologic surgery: the sentinel role of a pioneer. Surg Endosc. 2006 Apr;20 Suppl 2:S493-9. Epub 2006 Mar 23. Review.