Naval G. Daver, MD, a professor and director of the Leukemia Research Alliance Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, discusses the significant advancements in treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3 inhibitors. He highlights the role of FLT3 mutations in AML pathogenesis and reviews the clinical efficacy of first- and second-generation FLT3 inhibitors, such as midostaurin and gilteritinib, in improving patient outcomes. Dr Daver also reviews ongoing research and future directions in optimizing FLT3-targeted therapies for AML patients.