In an interview conducted at the 2021 ASCO Annual Meeting, Chris Hourigan, MD, DPhil, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, discusses earlier detection of AML. Among patients who initially respond to treatment (remission) but later have detectable leukemia again (relapse), it may be possible to identify measurable residual disease in patients to determine who will experience relapse. Sensitive and specific methods are needed to identify those individuals who are likely to relapse. The next stage of research will be focused on attempting to predict patients who may have a high risk of developing AML.