David A. Braun, MD, PhD, physician at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and instructor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, explains that while PD-1 blockade and immune therapies have been transformative for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), not all patients respond to these standards of care. Kidney cancers are uniquely characterized by modest mutation burdens and robust CD8+ T cell infiltration. Dr. Braun emphasizes the need for a greater understanding of immune and genomic determinants in kidney cancer to provide better treatment options for RCC patients.

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