In an interview conducted during the 47th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), Norbert Vey, MD, of Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France, discusses some of the challenges faced by patients with AML in complete remission. Patients have achieved complete remission following initial chemotherapy when there are no clinical signs of the disease, normal blood cell counts, and less than 5% leukemic blasts in the bone marrow. Dr Vey identifies three methods for preventing relapse, including post-remission consolidation therapy, allogeneic transplantation, and maintenance treatment.