Melanoma immunotherapy has a critical limitation: 40 to 60% of patients don’t respond. Arielle Elkrief, MD, discusses an innovative approach targeting the gut microbiome. By using fecal microbiota transplantation, stool from healthy volunteers is processed into capsules, transforming patients’ gut bacteria. After this treatment, patients proceed to immunotherapy, showing improved outcomes. A larger randomized trial involving over 120 patients across Canada is underway, thanks to support from the Canadian Cancer Society and Weston Family Foundation. This groundbreaking work exemplifies how society can advance technology to benefit more patients.