Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are two distinct conditions with similar symptoms, such as joint pain, stiffness, and swelling. Osteoarthritis is a mechanical condition, often seen in older adults, caused by wear and tear on joints, leading to cartilage thinning and joint pain, particularly in knees and hips. Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is an autoimmune inflammatory condition, more common in younger women, characterized by widespread joint pain, significant morning stiffness, and inflammation. Diagnosis and treatment differ, with osteoarthritis focusing on symptom management and rheumatoid arthritis requiring blood tests and rheumatologist care.