Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in people with diabetes. It occurs when long-term high blood sugar damages retinal blood vessels, causing them to leak fluid into the macula—the central area of the retina responsible for sharp vision. Proteins like VEGF and Ang-2 drive abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage, leading to swelling and vision problems. Symptoms include blurry or distorted vision, faded colors, dark spots, and difficulty reading or driving. Treatment typically involves intravitreal injections to block these proteins and reduce fluid buildup. Always consult your doctor with questions about your condition or care plan.