Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in older Americans, affecting the central part of the retina called the macula. Alla Goldberg, MD, a retina and uveitis specialist, breaks down the two types: dry AMD, the more common form that progresses slowly, and wet AMD, which advances faster but can often be treated with eye injections. Early detection is critical, especially since symptoms like distorted lines, dark central spots, or dull color intensity require urgent attention. Risk increases with age, smoking, and family history. Seeing a retina specialist quickly can help preserve vision.