Elisa Mazzaferro, DVM, PhD, DACVECC, Director of Emergency Services, Wheat Ridge Animal Hospital, Wheat Ridge, CO, discusses pain management in veterinary medicine.

References and Resources
Flecknell P. Analgesia from a veterinary perspective. Br J Anaesth. 2008 Apr 19;(5):781-97.

Savvas I, Papazoglou LG, Kazakos G, et al. Incisional block with bupivacaine for analgesia after celiotomy in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2008 Mar-Apr;44(2):60-6.

Wheat Ridge Animal Hospital

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