Joseph Demer, MD, Professor of Opthalmology and Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, discusses strabismus and describes mechanical causes versus neurological causes of this eye condition. If the extraocular muscles can be shown by clinical examination to be generating a normal amount of force, then causes such as thyroid opthalmopathy, eye socket trauma or a vascular lesion must be sought. Also to be considered are the ligaments around the extra-ocular muscles.
Reading:
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The influence of eye muscle surgery on shape and relative orientation of displacement planes: Indirect evidence for neural control of 3D eye movements.
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Dickey CF, Scott WE, Cline RA.Oblique muscle palsies fixating with the paretic eye.
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Siepmann K, Herzau V.[Is congenital superior oblique strabismus a paretic disorder?--A magnetic resonance tomographic study]
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2005 May;222(5):413-8. German.
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